![]() ![]() This was a retrospective review of the medical records of patients who underwent unilateral immediate breast reconstruction using a pedicled TRAM flap between January of 2004 and December of 2007. Here, long-term serial measurement of muscle volume in transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap breast reconstruction has been conducted using the Eclipse treatment planning system. However, there is currently no agreement on a quantitative approach to evaluating volume changes. ![]() ![]() Muscle flaps used in reconstructive surgery are known to lose volume over time because of denervation and disuse atrophy. ![]()
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